china slurry pump seal

Fewer and thicker vanes on the impeller. This makes it easier for solids to pass through than the 5-9 vanes on a standard centrifugal pump - usually 2-5 vanes.

Vertical Slurry Pumps Pump Sewage More Efficiently

Settling slurries are formed by coarse particles, which tend to form unstable mixtures. Special attention should be paid to flow and power calculations when selecting a pump. Most slurry applications consist of coarse particles and therefore have a higher abrasion resistance.

Materials of Construction

It is also important to consider the chemical compatibility of the slurry with any elastomers in the pump. Once the nature of the slurry and the components of the different types of pumps have been addressed, you can select potential candidate slurry pumps for the application.

The construction aggregate industry conveys all forms of slurry, from fine sand to coarse aggregates.

The skin of an adult person is, in most places, covered with a relatively thick (∼10 μm) barrier of keratinised dead cells. One of the main questions is still whether TiO₂ NPs are able to penetrate into the deeper layers of the skin. The majority of studies suggest that TiO₂ NPs, neither uncoated nor coated (SiO₂, Al₂O₃ and SiO₂/Al₂O₃) of different crystalline structures, penetrate normal animal or human skin. However, in most of these studies the exposures were short term (up to 48 h); only few long-term or repeated exposure studies have been published. Wu et al.83 have shown that dermal application of nano-TiO₂ of different crystal structures and sizes (4–90 nm) to pig ears for 30 days did not result in penetration of NPs beyond deep epidermis. On the other hand, in the same study the authors reported dermal penetration of TiO₂ NPs with subsequent appearance of lesions in multiple organs in hairless mice, that were dermal exposed to nano-TiO₂ for 60 days. However, the relevance of this study for human exposure is not conclusive because hairless mice skin has abnormal hair follicles, and mice stratum corneum has higher lipid content than human stratum corneum, which may contribute to different penetration. Recently Sadrieh et al. performed a 4 week dermal exposure to three different TiO₂ particles (uncoated submicron-sized, uncoated nano-sized and coated nano-sized) in 5 % sunscreen formulation with minipigs. They found elevated titanium levels in epidermis, dermis and in inguinal lymph nodes, but not in precapsular and submandibular lymph nodes and in liver. With the energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis the authors confirmed presence of few TiO₂ particles in dermis and calculated that uncoated nano-sized TiO₂ particles observed in dermis represented only 0.00008 % of the total applied amount of TiO₂ particles. Based on the same assumptions used by the authors in their calculations it can be calculated that the total number of particles applied was 1.8 × 10¹³ /cm² and of these 1.4 x10⁷/cm² penetrated. The surface area of skin in humans is around 1.8 m²  and for sun protection the cream is applied over whole body, which would mean that 4 week usage of such cream with 5 % TiO₂ would result in penetration of totally 2.6 × 10¹⁰ particles. Although Sadrieh et al.concluded that there was no significant penetration of TiO₂ NPs through intact normal epidermis, the results are not completely confirmative.

In conclusion, the role of lithopone in the paint industry cannot be overstated. Its unique properties make it a vital component in producing high-quality paints and coatings. As the market continues to evolve with a focus on sustainability and performance, lithopone suppliers are stepping up to meet these challenges through innovative production techniques and a commitment to quality. By partnering with these suppliers, paint manufacturers can ensure they are equipped with the best possible materials to create products that not only meet consumer expectations but also contribute to a more sustainable future.

In 2021, the European Food Safety Authority concluded that titanium dioxide is no longer safe in foods due to the same concerns over nanoparticles. As a result, titanium dioxide is now banned as a food additive in the EU. Although studies have shown that the absorption of ingested titanium dioxide is low, evidence suggests that titanium dioxide nanoparticles can accumulate in the body over time. Health Canada deemed it safe in 2022 but noted concerns. Unlike their European counterparts, Canadian officials did not consider studies performed with titanium dioxide nanoparticles alone. 

Uses of Titanium Dioxide

Moreover, sustainability is becoming increasingly important in manufacturing practices. Companies that prioritize environmentally-friendly processes and ethically sourced materials can enhance their brand image and meet the rising consumer demand for sustainable products. While cheap titanium dioxide manufacturers may offer lower prices, businesses should also evaluate their commitment to sustainable practices and social responsibility.

In Home Care products, the presence of titanium dioxide is declared in line with local regulations, which can vary across the world. In some countries, titanium dioxide is not declared if only a small amount of the ingredient is used. In other countries titanium dioxide is grouped under ‘colourants’ in the ingredients list. In Europe, regulation requires all home care ingredients to be disclosed through a supporting website. You can find our product ingredient information page by visiting ‘

As a widely used substance with multiple applications, research is being carried out to improve the production process to reduce the levels of chemicals used and waste produced, and to recycle any by-products.

Titanium dioxide nanoparticles may accumulate and cause DNA damage

2. Relative density: 4.136 to 4.39 g/mL.

Lithopone market, by Application

Analyst Insight