china vertical line shaft sump pump manufacturers

Choosing the right slurry pump

Pumping slurry can cause excessive wear and tear on the pump and its components as the mud can clog the suction and discharge lines.

Consider the following.

>Dredge Pump

- Pumping the final product in a process

Sump drainage or washdown

The vitaminC@P25TiO₂NPs, on the other side, did not have any effect on cell protection against ROS. This might be due to the fact that vitamin C, a well-known scavenger of ROS, could behave as prooxidant and even promote ROS and lipid peroxidation [39]. It was recently described that at small concentrations of vitamin C, the prooxidant effects dominate; while in large concentrations the antioxidant ones predominate [40]. The effect also depends on the cell state and the interaction of vitamin C with light. In this case, ascorbic acid may act as an antenna to harvest visible light when conjugated to P25TiO₂NPs. Indeed, it was previously found that this combination (in some ratios) could have an improved photocatalytic activity, possibly due to a red shift in its light absorbance [41]. Further studies on vitaminC@P25TiO₂NPs were not conducted, because of the poor antioxidant capacity [42].

Overall, the Food Directorate's comprehensive review of the available science of TiO₂ as a food additive showed:

With the rise of nanotechnology, research in recent years has also shown the dangers of titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles, and their genotoxicity, which refers to a chemical agent’s ability to harm or damage DNA in cells, thus potentially causing cancer. 

The lack of clear regulations and controls explains that P25TiO₂NPs are still found in many of the commercialized sunscreens in the market. Some of them are coated to reduce the photoactivity of the anatase form, which is known to be responsible for tissue damage, but not enough studies were made on these coated forms. The anatase photoactivity could trigger the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, as it was stated before. The ROS are chemically reactive species containing oxygen, such as peroxides, superoxide, hydroxyl radical, and singlet oxygen. They are regularly produced in the biological milieu and counterbalanced by physiological antioxidant defense mechanisms. However, an abrupt increase of ROS may result in non-reversible damage to the skin cells. The effects of coated and uncoated P25TiO₂NPs need therefore to be studied, and articles on this topic present different conclusions. [11], [12], [13] Recent literature on this topic found that TiO₂NPs inhalation provokes serious genotoxicity and DNA damage [14], [15], [16], [17]. On the other hand, some studies in rats have reported no significant harm to genetic material [18], [19], [20], [21], [22].

Pigment White 5; CI 77115; Deckweiss (Deut.); Lithopone (Deut.); litopón (Esp.); lithopone (Fr.); lithoponio (Gr.); litopone (It.); lithopoon (Ned.); litopone (Port.); Orr's white; oleum white; Griffiths zinc white; Sterling white; Albalith; Charlton white; Ponolith; Jersey Lily white; Sunotlith; Beckton white; Zincolith

Until relevant toxicological and human exposure data that would enable reliable risk assessment are obtained, TiO₂ nanoparticles should be used with great care.