Njengoba izimboni ezintsha zamandla kagesi ezisebenza ngamalahle ziza ku-inthanethi ukuze zihlangabezane nesidingo esikhulayo sikagesi e-United States nasemhlabeni wonke, kunesidingo esandayo sokuhlanza okukhishwa kwezitshalo ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nemithethonqubo yomoya ohlanzekile. Amaphampu akhethekile namavalvu asiza ekusebenzeni kahle kwalezi zikhuhla kanye nokuphatha udaka olubi olusetshenziswa ekususeni igesi e-flue desulfurization (>FGD) inqubo.

Ngayo yonke intuthuko yezobuchwepheshe ekuthuthukiseni imithombo yamandla emisha eminyakeni eyikhulu edlule, into eyodwa engakashintshi kakhulu ukuthembela kwethu emalahleni, ikakhulukazi amalahle, ukuze akhiqize ugesi. Ugesi ongaphezu kwengxenye e-United States uvela emalahleni. Omunye wemiphumela yokushiswa kwamalahle ezitshalweni zikagesi ukukhululwa kwegesi yesulfure dioxide (SO 2).

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Iphampu ye-TL FGD

Njengoba kunezindawo ezintsha ezisebenza ngamalahle ezingaba ngu-140 epayipini lase-United States kuphela, ukukhathazeka mayelana nokuhlangabezana nemithethonqubo yomoya ohlanzekile lapha nasemhlabeni wonke kuhola indlela ezimbonini zikagesi ezintsha nezikhona - ezihlome ngezinhlelo "zokukhuhla" eziphuma phambili. I-SO2 manje isikhishiwe kugesi we-flue ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene ezivame ukubizwa ngokuthi i-flue gas desulfurization (FGD). Ngokusho kwe-Energy Information Administration, ehlinzeka ngezibalo zamandla kuhulumeni wase-US, izinsiza kulindeleke ukuthi zengeze izikhungo zazo ze-FGD zibe amagigawathi angu-141 amandla ukuze zihambisane nezinhlelo zombuso noma zenhlangano.

Amasistimu e-FGD angasebenzisa izinqubo ezomile noma ezimanzi. Inqubo ejwayeleke kakhulu ye-FGD emanzi isebenzisa isixazululo sokukhuhla (imvamisa i-limestone slurry) ukuze imunce i-SO2 emfudlaneni ongenayo igesi. Inqubo ye-FGD emanzi izosusa ngaphezu kwama-90% e-SO2 kugesi ephumayo kanye nezinhlayiyana. Ngendlela elula yokusabela kwamakhemikhali, i-limestone ku-slurry iguqulelwa ku-calcium sulfite lapho udaka lwe-limestone lusabela ne-flue gas ku-absorber. Ezingxenyeni eziningi ze-FGD, umoya uvuthela engxenyeni yesibambisi bese ukhipha i-calcium sulfite ibe yi-calcium sulfate, engase ihlungwe kalula futhi ikhishwe amanzi ukuze yakhe into eyomile, ezinzile engalahlwa ezindaweni zokulahla imfucumfucu noma engase ithengiswe njenge umkhiqizo wokwenza usimende, i-gypsum wallboard noma njengesithako sikamanyolo.

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I-Slurry Pump

Ukukhetha iphampu ye-FGD

Ngenxa yokuthi loludaka lwe-limestone ludinga ukuhamba kahle ngenqubo yezimboni eyinkimbinkimbi, ukukhetha amaphampu namavalvu afanele - ngeso elibheke ezindlekweni zawo zomjikelezo wokuphila nokunakekelwa kwazo - kubalulekile.

Inqubo ye-FGD iqala lapho okuphakelayo kwe-limestone (idwala) kuncipha ngosayizi ngokuyichoboza emshinini wokugaya ibhola bese kuxutshwa namanzi ethangini lokuhlinzeka ngodaka. I-slurry (cishe u-90% wamanzi) bese iphonswa ethangini lokumunca. Njengoba ukuhambisana kwe-limestone slurry kuvame ukushintsha, izimo zokudonsa zingenzeka, ezingaholela ekuhlulekeni kwe-cavitation kanye nepompo.

Isixazululo sepompo esijwayelekile salolu hlelo lokusebenza ukufaka iphampu ye-carbide slurry ukuze imelane nalezi zinhlobo zezimo. Amaphampu ensimbi anosimende adinga ukwakhiwa ukuze amelane nesevisi yodaka olubi kakhulu futhi aklanyelwe ukuba kube lula kakhulu ukuwagcina futhi aphephe. Okubalulekile kubunjiniyela bephampu amafreyimu athwele umsebenzi osindayo namashafti, izigaba zodonga eziwugqinsi kanye nezingxenye zokuguga ezishintshwa kalula. Ingqikithi yezindleko zomjikelezo wempilo ibalulekile uma kucaciswa amaphampu ezimo ezibucayi zokusebenza njengesevisi ye-FGD. Amaphampu aphezulu e-chromium alloy alungile ngenxa ye-pH egqwalayo yodaka.

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I-Slurry Pump

I-slurry kufanele iphonswe ukusuka ethangini lokumunca ukuya phezulu kombhoshongo wokufuthwa, lapho ifafazwa khona phansi njengenkungu enhle ehlangana negesi ephumayo eya phezulu. Njengoba umthamo wokupompa ngokuvamile usuka ku-16,000 kuya ku-20,000 wamalitha we-slurry ngomzuzu namakhanda aphakathi kwamamitha angu-65 no-110, i-rubber-lined>amaphampu aludaka ziyisixazululo esingcono kakhulu sokupompa. Futhi, ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nokucatshangelwa kwezindleko zomjikelezo wokuphila, amaphampu kufanele afakwe ama-impeller anobubanzi obukhulu ukuze kube nesivinini esiphansi sokusebenza nempilo yokuguga okude, kanye namalayini enjoloba angashintshwa ensimini ukuze alungiswe ngokushesha. Embonini yamandla esetshenziswa ngamalahle ejwayelekile, amaphampu amabili kuya kwamahlanu azosetshenziswa kumbhoshongo ngamunye wokufutha.

Njengoba i-slurry iqoqwa phansi kombhoshongo, amaphampu engeziwe ane-raber-lined ayadingeka ukuze athuthe i-slurry emathangi okugcina, amachibi e-tailings, izindawo zokuhlanza imfucuza noma izihlungi zokuhlunga. Ngokuya ngohlobo lwenqubo ye-FGD, amanye amamodeli wepompo ayatholakala ukuze kukhishwe udaka, ukubuyiswa kwangaphambili kwe-scrubber kanye nezicelo ze-sump kawoyela.

Uma ufuna ukwazi ulwazi olwengeziwe mayelana nephampu ye-FGD ehamba phambili, wamukelekile ku- >Xhumana nathi namuhla noma ucele ukucaphuna.