Njengoko amaziko amatsha asebenza ngamalahle esiza kwi-intanethi ukuhlangabezana nemfuno ekhulayo yombane e-United States nakwihlabathi jikelele, kukho imfuneko eyandayo yokucoca ukukhutshwa kwezityalo ukuze kuhlangatyezwane nemigaqo yomoya ococekileyo. Iimpompo ezikhethekileyo kunye neevalvu zinceda ekusebenzeni ngokukuko ezi zikhuhla kunye nokuphatha udaka oluludaka olusetyenziswa kwi-flue gas desulfurization (>FGD) inkqubo.

Ngayo yonke inkqubela-phambili yobuchwepheshe ekuphuhliseni imithombo yamandla emitsha kwinkulungwane edlulileyo, enye into engekatshintshi kakhulu kukuxhomekeka kwethu kumafutha efosili, ngakumbi amalahle, ukuvelisa umbane. Ngaphezu kwesiqingatha sombane waseUnited States uvela kumalahle. Esinye seziphumo zokutshisa amalahle kwizityalo zamandla kukukhululwa kwe-sulphur dioxide (SO 2) igesi.

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Impompo ye-TL FGD

Ngokumalunga ne-140 amaziko ombane amatsha okubaselwa ngamalahle akwimibhobho e-United States kuphela, iinkxalabo malunga nokuhlangabezana nemimiselo yomoya ococekileyo apha nakwihlabathi jikelele zikhokele indlela kumaziko ombane amatsha nasele ekhona - axhotyiswe ngeenkqubo "zokukhuhla" eziphuma phambili. I-SO2 ngoku isusiwe kwigesi yombane ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo ezaziwa ngokuba yi-flue gas desulfurization (FGD). Ngokutsho kwe-Energy Information Administration, ebonelela ngezibalo zamandla kurhulumente wase-US, izibonelelo kulindeleke ukuba zandise izibonelelo zabo ze-FGD ukuya kwi-141 gigawatts yamandla okuthobela amanyathelo karhulumente okanye ahlangeneyo.

Iinkqubo ze-FGD zinokusebenzisa iinkqubo ezomileyo okanye ezimanzi. Eyona nkqubo ixhaphakileyo ye-FGD emanzi isebenzisa isisombululo sokukhuhla (esikholisa ukuba yi-limestone slurry) ukufunxa i-SO2 kumjelo wegesi engekho. Inkqubo ye-FGD emanzi iya kususa ngaphezu kwe-90% ye-SO2 kwi-flue gas kunye ne-particulate matter. Kwimpendulo yekhemikhali elula, i-limestone kwi-slurry iguqulwa ibe yi-calcium sulfite xa i-limestone slurry isabela nge-flue gas kwi-absorber. Kwiiyunithi ezininzi ze-FGD, umoya uvuthelwa kwindawo yokufunxa kwaye i-oxidize i-calcium sulfite kwi-calcium sulfate, enokuthi emva koko ihluzwe ngokulula kwaye igalelwe amanzi ukuze yenze into eyomileyo, ezinzileyo enokuthi ilahlwe kwiindawo zokulahla okanye ezinokuthi zithengiswe njenge. imveliso yokwenza isamente, i-gypsum wallboard okanye njengesongezelelo sesichumiso.

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Impompo eLudaka

Ukukhetha impompo yeFGD

Ngenxa yokuba olu daka lwe-limestone kufuneka luhambe ngokufanelekileyo kwinkqubo yoshishino entsonkothileyo, ukukhetha iimpompo ezifanelekileyo kunye neevalvu - ngeliso elibhekiselele kwiindleko zabo zomjikelo wobomi kunye nokugcinwa kwazo - kubalulekile.

Inkqubo ye-FGD iqala xa ukutya kwe-limestone (ilitye) kuncitshiswe ngobukhulu ngokuyityumza kwilitye lokusila emva koko ixutywe namanzi kwitanki yokubonelela ngodaka. Udaka (malunga nama-90%) luthi lufakwe kwitanki yokufunxa. Ekubeni ukuhambelana kwe-limestone slurry kudla ngokutshintsha, iimeko zokufunxa zingenzeka, ezinokukhokelela kwi-cavitation kunye nokungaphumeleli kwepompo.

Isisombululo sempompo esiqhelekileyo kwesi sicelo kukufaka ipompo ye-carbide slurry yokumelana nezi ntlobo zeemeko. Iimpompo zetsimbi ezenziwe ngesamente kufuneka zenziwe ukuze zimelane neyona nkonzo ye-slurry eyingozi kakhulu kwaye ziyilelwe ukuba kube lula ukuyigcina kwaye ikhuseleke. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kubunjineli bempompo ziifreyimu ezinomthwalo onzima kunye neeshafti, amacandelo atyebileyo eludongeni kunye neendawo zokunxiba ezinokutshintshelwa ngokulula. Iingcamango zeendleko zomjikelo wobomi zizonke zibalulekile xa uchaza iimpompo zeemeko zokusebenza ezinzima ezifana nenkonzo ye-FGD. Iimpompo eziphezulu ze-chromium alloy zifanelekile ngenxa ye-pH ephazamisayo yodaka.

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Impompo eLudaka

Olu daka kufuneka lumpontshwe ukusuka kwitanki yokufunxa ukuya phezulu kwinqaba yokutshiza, apho lutshizwa lujonge ezantsi njengenkungu ecolekileyo ethi idibane nerhasi yoflue eya phezulu. Ekubeni imiqulu yokumpompa isuka kwi-16,000 ukuya kwi-20,000 yeegaloni ze-slurry ngomzuzu kunye neentloko phakathi kwe-65 kunye ne-110 yeenyawo, i-rubber-lined>iimpompo ezinodaka zezona zisombululo zokumpompa. Kwakhona, ukuhlangabezana neengqwalasela zeendleko zomjikelo wobomi, iimpompo kufuneka zixhotyiswe ngee-impellers ezinobubanzi obukhulu ukwenzela isantya esisezantsi sokusebenza kunye nokuphila ixesha elide lokunxiba, kunye neentambo zerabha ezibuyiselwa kwibala ukuze zilungiswe ngokukhawuleza. Kwiziko lombane eliqhelekileyo elibaswa ngamalahle, iimpompo ezimbini ukuya kwezintlanu ziya kusetyenziswa kwinqaba yokutshiza nganye.

Ekubeni i-slurry iqokelelwa phantsi kwenqaba, iimpompo ezongezelelweyo ze-rubber-lined ziyadingeka ukuthutha i-slurry kwiitanki zokugcina, amachibi e-tailing, amaziko okucoca inkunkuma okanye izihlunu zokucoca. Ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwenkqubo ye-FGD, ezinye iimodeli zempompo ziyafumaneka ukukhutshwa kwe-slurry, ukubuyiswa kwangaphambili kwe-scrubber kunye nezicelo ze-oyile sump.

Ukuba ufuna ukwazi ulwazi oluthe kratya malunga nempompo yeFGD ingcono, wamkelekile ku >Qhagamshelana nathi namhlanje okanye ucele ikowuti.