Mu gihe amashanyarazi mashya akoreshwa n’amakara aje kuri interineti kugira ngo akemure amashanyarazi akomeje kwiyongera muri Amerika ndetse no ku isi hose, hakenewe cyane ko hasukurwa ibyuka bihumanya ikirere kugira ngo hubahirizwe amabwiriza y’ikirere gisukuye. Amapompe adasanzwe hamwe na valve bifasha mugukoresha neza scrubbers no gutunganya ibishishwa byangiza bikoreshwa mumashanyarazi ya gaz (>FGD) inzira.

Hamwe niterambere ryikoranabuhanga mugutezimbere ingufu nshya mu kinyejana gishize, ikintu kitahindutse cyane nukwishingikiriza ku bicanwa by’ibinyabuzima, cyane cyane amakara, kugirango tubyare amashanyarazi. Kurenga kimwe cya kabiri cyamashanyarazi muri Amerika ava mumakara. Kimwe mu bisubizo byo gutwika amakara mu mashanyarazi ni ukurekura gaze ya sulfuru (SO 2).

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TL FGD

Hamwe n’amashanyarazi mashya agera kuri 140 akoreshwa n’amakara mu miyoboro muri Amerika yonyine, impungenge zo kubahiriza amabwiriza y’ikirere cyiza hano ndetse no ku isi yose zirayobora inzira y’amashanyarazi mashya kandi asanzweho - afite ibikoresho byangiza imyuka yangiza "scrubbing". SO2 ubu yakuwe muri gaze ya flue nuburyo butandukanye bakunze kwita flue gas desulfurisation (FGD). Nk’uko bitangazwa n’ubuyobozi bushinzwe amakuru y’ingufu, butanga imibare y’ingufu kuri guverinoma y’Amerika, biteganijwe ko ibikorwa by’ingirakamaro byongera ibikoresho bya FGD bigera kuri gigawatt 141 z’ubushobozi bwo kubahiriza gahunda za leta cyangwa iz'ubumwe.

Sisitemu ya FGD irashobora gukoresha inzira yumye cyangwa itose. Inzira ya FGD ikunze gukoreshwa ikoresha igisubizo cya scrubbing (mubisanzwe urutare) kugirango ikure SO2 kumugezi wa gaze. Igikorwa cya FGD gitose kizakuraho hejuru ya 90% ya SO2 muri gaze ya flue nibintu byangiza. Muburyo bworoshye bwa chimique, hekeste muri slurry ihindurwamo calcium sulfite mugihe urusenda rwa hekeste rwifata hamwe na gaze ya flue mumashanyarazi. Mu bice byinshi bya FGD, umwuka uhuhwa mu gice cyinjiza kandi ugahindura okiside ya calcium sulfite kuri calcium sulfate, ishobora noneho kuyungurura no kuyungurura amazi kugirango ibe ibikoresho byumye, bihamye bishobora gutabwa mu myanda cyangwa bishobora kugurishwa nka igicuruzwa cyo gukora sima, ikibaho cya gypsumu cyangwa nk'ifumbire mvaruganda.

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Amashanyarazi

Guhitamo pompe kuri FGD

Kuberako iyi hekeste ikenera kugenda neza binyuze mubikorwa bigoye byinganda, guhitamo pompe hamwe na valve - hamwe nijisho ryibiciro byubuzima bwose hamwe no kubungabunga - ni ngombwa.

Inzira ya FGD itangira iyo ibiryo bya hekimone (urutare) bigabanutse mubunini mu kubijanjagura mu ruganda rw'umupira hanyuma bikavangwa n'amazi mu kigega gitanga ibicuruzwa. Amazi (hafi 90% y'amazi) ahita ashyirwa mu kigega cyo kwinjiza. Kubera ko ubudahwema bwa hekeste ikunda guhinduka, ibintu byo guswera birashobora kubaho, bishobora gutera cavitation no kunanirwa kwa pompe.

Igisubizo gisanzwe cya pompe kuriyi porogaramu ni ugushiraho karbide ya pompe kugirango ihangane nubwoko bwibihe. Amapompo yicyuma ya sima agomba gukorwa kugirango ahangane na serivise zikomeye zangiza kandi kandi zakozwe kuburyo bworoshye kubungabunga no kubungabunga umutekano. Icy'ingenzi mu buhanga bwa pompe ni ibintu biremereye biremereye amakadiri na shitingi, ibice byurukuta rwinshi cyane kandi byoroshye gusimburwa. Ibiciro byubuzima bwikurikiranya nibyingenzi mugihe ugaragaza pompe kubikorwa bikomeye nka serivisi ya FGD. Amapompe menshi ya chromium alloy nibyiza kuberako pH yangirika ya slurry.

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Amashanyarazi

Ibishishwa bigomba kuvomwa mu kigega cyinjira kugeza hejuru y’umunara wa spray, aho cyatewe hasi nkigicu cyiza gifata gaze ya flue igenda hejuru. Kubera ko kuvoma ingano mubisanzwe biri hagati ya 16.000 na 20.000 litiro ya slurry kumunota ufite imitwe iri hagati ya metero 65 na 110, umurongo wa rubber>pompe ni igisubizo cyiza cyo kuvoma. Na none kandi, kugirango uhuze ibitekerezo byubuzima bwikurikiranya, pompe zigomba kuba zifite moteri nini ya diameter kugirango umuvuduko muke wo gukora kandi urambe igihe kirekire, hamwe nimashini isimburwa na reberi kugirango ibungabunge vuba. Mu mashanyarazi asanzwe akoreshwa n’amakara, pompe ebyiri kugeza kuri eshanu zizakoreshwa muri buri munara wa spray.

Kubera ko ibishishwa byegeranijwe munsi yumunara, hasabwa pompe zometseho reberi zisabwa gutwara ibishishwa mu bigega byabitswe, ibyuzi by’ubudozi, ibikoresho byo gutunganya imyanda cyangwa imashini zungurura. Ukurikije ubwoko bwibikorwa bya FGD, ubundi bwoko bwa pompe buraboneka kubisohoka bidatinze, kugarura pre-scrubber hamwe na progaramu ya peteroli.

Niba ushaka kumenya amakuru menshi kubyerekeye pompe nziza ya FGD, ikaze kuri>twandikire uyumunsi cyangwa gusaba amagambo.