Yayin da sabbin tasoshin wutar lantarkin da ke amfani da kwal suka shigo yanar gizo don biyan bukatar wutar lantarki a Amurka da ma duniya baki daya, ana samun karuwar bukatar tsaftace hayakin shuka domin biyan tsaftar ka'idojin iska. Fasfo na musamman da bawuloli suna taimakawa wajen sarrafa waɗannan masu gogewa da kyau da kuma sarrafa slurry ɗin da aka yi amfani da su a cikin lalata iskar gas (>FGD) tsari.

Tare da duk ci gaban fasaha na haɓaka sabbin hanyoyin samar da makamashi a cikin karnin da ya gabata, wani abu da bai canza sosai ba shine dogaronmu ga albarkatun mai, musamman ma kwal, don samar da wutar lantarki. Fiye da rabin wutar lantarki a Amurka na zuwa ne daga kwal. Daya daga cikin sakamakon kona kwal a cikin masana'antar wutar lantarki shine sakin iskar sulfur dioxide (SO 2).

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Farashin TL FGD

Tare da kusan sabbin tashoshin wutar lantarki guda 140 a cikin bututun mai a cikin Amurka kadai, damuwa game da cika ka'idojin iska mai tsabta a nan da ma duniya baki daya ne ke kan gaba wajen samar da sabbin na'urorin samar da wutar lantarki da ake da su - sanye da na'urorin "scrubbing" na ci gaba. Yanzu an cire SO2 daga iskar gas ta hanyoyi daban-daban da aka fi sani da flue gas desulfurization (FGD). A cewar Hukumar Kula da Makamashi, wacce ke ba da kididdigar makamashi ga gwamnatin Amurka, ana sa ran kamfanonin za su kara yawan kayan aikin su na FGD zuwa gigawatts 141 na karfin aiki don bin shirye-shiryen jihohi ko na tarayya.

Tsarin FGD na iya amfani da ko dai bushe ko rigar matakai. Mafi yawan tsarin rigar FGD yana amfani da maganin goge-goge (yawanci slurry na farar ƙasa) don ɗaukar SO2 daga rafi mai kashe iskar gas. Tsarin FGD mai jika zai cire sama da 90% na SO2 a cikin bututun hayaki da ƙura. A cikin sauƙin sinadarai, dutsen farar ƙasa a cikin slurry yana canzawa zuwa calcium sulfite lokacin da slurry na limestone ya amsa da iskar hayaƙi a cikin abin sha. A yawancin raka'o'in FGD, ana hura iska a cikin wani yanki na abin sha kuma yana oxidizes na calcium sulfite zuwa calcium sulfate, wanda za'a iya tacewa cikin sauƙi kuma a zubar da ruwa don samar da bushewa, mafi kwanciyar hankali kayan da za'a iya zubar da su a cikin wuraren ajiyar ƙasa ko kuma ana iya sayar da su kamar yadda ya kamata. samfur don yin siminti, bangon bangon gypsum ko azaman ƙari na taki.

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Ruwan Ruwa

Zaɓin famfo don FGD

Domin wannan slurry na dutse yana buƙatar motsawa da kyau ta hanyar tsarin masana'antu mai sarƙaƙƙiya, zaɓin famfo masu dacewa da bawuloli - tare da ido kan jimillar farashi da kulawar rayuwarsu - yana da mahimmanci.

Tsarin FGD yana farawa ne lokacin da aka rage girman abincin farar ƙasa (dutse) ta hanyar murƙushe shi a cikin injin niƙa sannan a haɗe shi da ruwa a cikin tankin samar da slurry. Ana zub da slurry (kimanin 90% ruwa) a cikin tankin sha. Tun da daidaito na slurry na farar ƙasa yana ƙoƙarin canzawa, yanayin tsotsa zai iya faruwa, wanda zai haifar da cavitation da gazawar famfo.

Maganin famfo na yau da kullun don wannan aikace-aikacen shine shigar da famfon slurry na carbide don jure wa waɗannan nau'ikan yanayi. Ana buƙatar ƙera famfunan bututun ƙarfe na siminti don jure mafi tsananin sabis ɗin slurry kuma an ƙirƙira su da sauƙin kulawa da aminci. Mahimmanci ga aikin injiniya na famfo sune firam ɗin ɗaukar nauyi mai nauyi da sanduna, ƙarin sassan bango mai kauri da sassauƙar lalacewa mai sauƙin maye gurbin. Jimlar la'akari da farashin sake zagayowar rayuwa yana da mahimmanci yayin tantance famfuna don matsanancin yanayin aiki kamar sabis na FGD. High chromium gami famfo ne manufa saboda da lalata pH na slurry.

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Ruwan Ruwa

Dole ne a zubar da slurry daga tanki mai ɗaukar hoto zuwa saman hasumiya mai fesa, inda aka fesa shi ƙasa azaman hazo mai kyau wanda ke amsawa da iskar hayaƙi mai hawa sama. Tun lokacin da ake yin famfo yawanci kewayo daga 16,000 zuwa galan 20,000 na slurry a minti daya tare da kawunan tsakanin ƙafa 65 zuwa 110, roba mai layi >slurry famfo su ne mafi kyaun famfo bayani. Bugu da ƙari, don saduwa da la'akari da farashin rayuwa, famfo ya kamata a sanye su tare da manyan diamita masu motsa jiki don ƙananan saurin aiki da kuma tsawon rayuwa, kuma tare da filayen roba mai maye gurbin filin don kulawa da sauri. A cikin masana'antar wutar lantarki ta yau da kullun, za a yi amfani da famfo biyu zuwa biyar a kowace hasumiya ta fesa.

Tun da aka tattara slurry a kasan hasumiya, ana buƙatar ƙarin famfo mai layi na roba don jigilar slurry zuwa tankunan ajiya, tafkunan wutsiya, wuraren kula da sharar gida ko matsewar tacewa. Dangane da nau'in tsari na FGD, ana samun wasu samfuran famfo don fitar da ruwa, farfaɗowar gogewa da aikace-aikacen tarin mai.

Idan kuna son ƙarin sani game da mafi kyawun famfo FGD, maraba zuwa >tuntube mu yau ko neman zance.